1. Principles of Tooth Preparation
What is the primary goal of tooth preparation in operative dentistry?
A: To maximize the removal of tooth structure
B: To remove only diseased tissue and conserve healthy tooth structure
C: To prepare the tooth for extraction
D: To change the tooth's color and shape
Answer: B: To remove only diseased tissue and conserve healthy tooth structure
2. Cavity Classification by Black
Which class of cavities, according to Black’s classification, involves the interproximal surfaces of anterior teeth?
A: Class I
B: Class II
C: Class III
D: Class IV
Answer: C: Class III
3. Materials Used in Operative Dentistry
Which material is commonly used for direct restorations in operative dentistry?
A: Porcelain
B: Composite resin
C: Gold
D: Stainless steel
Answer: B: Composite resin
4. Role of Dental Liners
What is the primary purpose of using a dental liner under a restoration?
A: To improve aesthetic appearance
B: To provide mechanical support
C: To protect the pulp from thermal shock
D: To bond the restoration to the tooth
Answer: C: To protect the pulp from thermal shock
5. Amalgam Restorations
In what situation is the use of dental amalgam most appropriate?
A: Small cavities on anterior teeth
B: Large occlusal restorations on posterior teeth
C: Cosmetic enhancements
D: Temporary restorations
Answer: B: Large occlusal restorations on posterior teeth
6. Concepts of Cavity Preparation
What does the 'extension for prevention' concept in cavity preparation imply?
A: Extending the cavity margins to include all carious lesions
B: Minimally invasive dentistry
C: Extending the cavity preparation beyond the decay to prevent recurrence
D: Preparing the cavity in a specific shape
Answer: C: Extending the cavity preparation beyond the decay to prevent recurrence
7. Bonding Agents in Dentistry
What is the primary purpose of a bonding agent in restorative dentistry?
A: To reduce the setting time of the restorative material
B: To enhance the esthetic appearance of the restoration
C: To provide a strong mechanical and chemical bond between the tooth tissue and the restorative material
D: To act as a temporary filling material
Answer: C: To provide a strong mechanical and chemical bond between the tooth tissue and the restorative material
8. Rubber Dam Usage
Why is a rubber dam often used during restorative procedures?
A: To increase patient comfort
B: To isolate the operative field from the oral environment
C: To change the color of the teeth
D: To speed up the procedure
Answer: B: To isolate the operative field from the oral environment
9. Diagnosis of Dental Caries
Which tool is essential for the diagnosis of dental caries in operative dentistry?
A: Dental explorer
B: Orthopantomogram (OPG)
C: Dental scaler
D: Electric pulp tester
Answer: A: Dental explorer
10. Preventive Dentistry Measures
What is the primary purpose of fluoride application in preventive dentistry?
A: To whiten teeth
B: To reshape misaligned teeth
C: To reduce the incidence of dental caries
D: To replace lost tooth structure
Answer: C: To reduce the incidence of dental caries
11. Instruments in Operative Dentistry
What is the primary use of a dental handpiece in operative dentistry?
A: For tooth extraction
B: For cutting and shaping tooth structure
C: For teeth whitening
D: For gum contouring
Answer: B: For cutting and shaping tooth structure
12. Direct vs. Indirect Restorations
Which is a characteristic of direct restorations?
A: Fabricated outside the mouth and then cemented in place
B: Typically involves multiple dental visits
C: Made directly in the patient’s mouth
D: Usually made of porcelain or ceramic
Answer: C: Made directly in the patient’s mouth
13. Properties of Dental Materials
What property is essential for a dental material to be used as a permanent restoration?
A: High thermal expansion
B: High solubility in oral fluids
C: Adequate strength and durability
D: Radiolucency
Answer: C: Adequate strength and durability
14. Pulp Protection
Which material is commonly used for pulp capping?
A: Dental amalgam
B: Composite resin
C: Calcium hydroxide
D: Glass ionomer cement
Answer: C: Calcium hydroxide
15. Moisture Control
What is the main reason for controlling moisture during restorative procedures?
A: To prevent patient discomfort
B: To enhance visibility and access
C: To prevent contamination of the restorative material
D: To speed up the setting time of materials
Answer: C: To prevent contamination of the restorative material
16. Cavity Liners and Bases
What is the difference between a liner and a base in cavity preparation?
A: Liners are thicker and provide thermal insulation
B: Bases are used for aesthetic purposes
C: Liners are thinner and provide a barrier to protect the pulp
D: Bases are used only in anterior teeth
Answer: C: Liners are thinner and provide a barrier to protect the pulp
17. Role of Matrix Bands
In what situation is a matrix band typically used?
A: When performing a root canal treatment
B: When restoring an interproximal surface of a tooth
C: During tooth extraction
D: For teeth whitening procedures
Answer: B: When restoring an interproximal surface of a tooth
18. Caries Risk Assessment
What is a primary factor in assessing caries risk?
A: The patient’s age
B: The color of the teeth
C: The patient’s dietary habits
D: The type of toothbrush used
Answer: C: The patient’s dietary habits
19. Dental Isolation Techniques
Besides a rubber dam, what is another common method for isolating a tooth?
A: Dental floss
B: Cotton rolls and saliva ejector
C: Dental burs
D: Dental forceps
Answer: B: Cotton rolls and saliva ejector
20. Tooth Sensitivity Post-Restoration
What is a common cause of tooth sensitivity after a restoration?
A: Use of a high-speed handpiece
B: Incomplete polymerization of the restorative material
C: Overuse of fluoride
D: Improper occlusal adjustment
Answer: B: Incomplete polymerization of the restorative material
21. Restoration of Primary Teeth
What is a key consideration when restoring primary teeth?
A: The primary teeth do not require long-lasting materials
B: The color match is not important
C: The restoration should not interfere with the eruption of permanent teeth
D: Primary teeth are always restored with stainless steel crowns
Answer: C: The restoration should not interfere with the eruption of permanent teeth
22. Shade Selection for Restorations
Which factor is most important in shade selection for anterior restorations?
A: The shade of the patient’s eyes
B: The color of the gingiva
C: The shade of adjacent teeth
D: The patient’s preference for brighter teeth
Answer: C: The shade of adjacent teeth
23. Etching in Adhesive Dentistry
What is the purpose of acid etching in adhesive dentistry?
A: To sterilize the tooth surface
B: To create micro-retentive surfaces for better bonding
C: To bleach the tooth
D: To reduce sensitivity
Answer: B: To create micro-retentive surfaces for better bonding
24. Post-Operative Care in Operative Dentistry
What is a critical post-operative instruction for a patient with a new restoration?
A: Avoid eating for 24 hours
B: Use a hard-bristled toothbrush
C: Avoid chewing on the restoration until the anesthesia wears off
D: Rinse with a strong alcoholic mouthwash immediately
Answer: C: Avoid chewing on the restoration until the anesthesia wears off
25. Glass Ionomer Cements
What is a unique advantage of glass ionomer cements in restorative dentistry?
A: They are the strongest restorative material
B: They release fluoride, which can help remineralize tooth structure
C: They are the best choice for aesthetic restorations
D: They are the most cost-effective material
Answer: B: They release fluoride, which can help remineralize tooth structure
26. Interproximal Caries Detection
Which tool is most effective for detecting interproximal caries?
A: Dental mirror
B: Dental explorer
C: Bitewing radiographs
D: Periodontal probe
Answer: C: Bitewing radiographs
27. Management of Deep Carious Lesions
What is an appropriate approach for managing deep carious lesions close to the pulp?
A: Immediate pulp capping
B: Complete caries removal and direct pulp capping
C: Indirect pulp capping and stepwise excavation
D: Extraction of the tooth
Answer: C: Indirect pulp capping and stepwise excavation
28. Occlusal Considerations in Restorations
Why is it important to check occlusion after placing a restoration?
A: To ensure patient comfort
B: To confirm aesthetic appearance
C: To prevent future caries
D: To ensure proper bite and prevent undue stress on the restoration
Answer: D: To ensure proper bite and prevent undue stress on the restoration
29. Conservative Cavity Preparation
What is the main goal of conservative cavity preparation?
A: To remove as much tooth structure as possible
B: To preserve as much healthy tooth structure as possible
C: To prepare the tooth for a crown
D: To ensure the cavity is large enough for an amalgam filling
Answer: B: To preserve as much healthy tooth structure as possible
30. Infection Control in Operative Dentistry
What is a key aspect of infection control during operative procedures?
A: Using a high-speed handpiece
B: Sterilization of instruments and use of barrier techniques
C: Applying fluoride to the tooth before the procedure
D: Using only gold or porcelain materials
Answer: B: Sterilization of instruments and use of barrier techniques
31. Restoration Polishing
Why is polishing a restoration important in operative dentistry?
A: To make the restoration look shiny
B: To reduce plaque accumulation and improve aesthetics
C: To make the restoration stronger
D: To increase the size of the restoration
Answer: B: To reduce plaque accumulation and improve aesthetics
32. Class V Cavity Preparation
Which teeth are typically involved in Class V cavity preparations?
A: Anterior teeth only
B: Posterior teeth only
C: Both anterior and posterior teeth
D: Wisdom teeth exclusively
Answer: C: Both anterior and posterior teeth
33. Use of Dental Loupes
Why are dental loupes used during operative procedures?
A: To increase the speed of the procedure
B: To magnify the working area for better visibility
C: To reduce the weight of dental equipment
D: For aesthetic purposes
Answer: B: To magnify the working area for better visibility
34. Secondary Caries
What is a common cause of secondary caries under a restoration?
A: Use of a high-speed handpiece
B: Inadequate marginal seal of the restoration
C: Use of fluoride toothpaste
D: Patient age
Answer: B: Inadequate marginal seal of the restoration
35. Dental Adhesives
What role do dental adhesives play in restorative dentistry?
A: Primarily for cosmetic enhancements
B: To bond the restorative material to the tooth structure
C: To numb the tooth during procedures
D: To clean the tooth surface
Answer: B: To bond the restorative material to the tooth structure
36. Management of Subgingival Caries
What is a challenge in managing subgingival caries?
A: Difficulties in visualizing the carious lesion
B: The need for extensive tooth preparation
C: The requirement for general anesthesia
D: The risk of changing the tooth color
Answer: A: Difficulties in visualizing the carious lesion
37. Anterior Composite Restorations
What is a key consideration in placing anterior composite restorations?
A: Achieving proper color match and aesthetics
B: Using the strongest possible material
C: Minimizing the use of adhesive
D: Finishing the procedure as quickly as possible
Answer: A: Achieving proper color match and aesthetics
38. Caries Removal Techniques
Which technique is commonly used for caries removal?
A: Air abrasion
B: Laser therapy
C: Ultrasonic scaling
D: Acid etching
Answer: A: Air abrasion
39. Factors Affecting Restoration Longevity
What factor significantly affects the longevity of a dental restoration?
A: The patient's age
B: The color of the restoration
C: The precision of the fit and the quality of the material used
D: The time of day the restoration is placed
Answer: C: The precision of the fit and the quality of the material used
40. Fluoride Varnish Application
When is fluoride varnish typically applied in operative dentistry?
A: Before cavity preparation
B: After polishing a restoration
C: Before applying a dental dam
D: After caries removal and before restoration
Answer: D: After caries removal and before restoration
41. Composite Resin Curing
Why is proper curing of composite resin important?
A: To prevent changes in tooth color
B: To ensure the material reaches its optimal strength and longevity
C: To reduce the cost of the material
D: To speed up the dental procedure
Answer: B: To ensure the material reaches its optimal strength and longevity
42. Tooth Isolation in Restorative Dentistry
What is the primary reason for isolating a tooth during a restorative procedure?
A: To comply with legal requirements
B: To improve patient comfort
C: To control moisture and prevent contamination
D: To increase the brightness of the operating light
Answer: C: To control moisture and prevent contamination
43. Saliva Ejectors
What is the purpose of a saliva ejector in operative dentistry?
A: To provide a rest for the dentist's hand
B: To remove saliva and water to keep the working area dry
C: To deliver fluoride to the tooth
D: To inject anesthetic solutions
Answer: B: To remove saliva and water to keep the working area dry
44. Dental Caries Classification
What does Black's Class II cavity classification involve?
A: Pits and fissures on occlusal surfaces
B: Proximal surfaces of anterior teeth
C: Proximal surfaces of premolars and molars
D: Gingival third of the facial or lingual surfaces
Answer: C: Proximal surfaces of premolars and molars
45. Restorative Material Selection
What is a critical factor in selecting a restorative material?
A: The patient's preference for color
B: The location and function of the tooth
C: The age of the dentist
D: The time required to place the restoration
Answer: B: The location and function of the tooth
46. Role of Dental X-Rays in Caries Detection
What is the advantage of dental X-rays in caries detection?
A: They can detect caries at an earlier stage than visual examination
B: They are less expensive than visual examination
C: They can replace the need for a dental explorer
D: They can determine the color of the caries
Answer: A: They can detect caries at an earlier stage than visual examination
47. Handling of Dental Amalgam
What is an important consideration when handling dental amalgam?
A: It should be mixed as quickly as possible
B: It requires curing with a light
C: Proper trituration and handling to ensure a good mix
D: It should be used for all types of cavities
Answer: C: Proper trituration and handling to ensure a good mix
48. Preparation for Composite Restorations
What is essential in the preparation for a composite restoration?
A: Deep excavation of the tooth
B: Creating mechanical undercuts
C: Proper isolation and acid etching
D: The use of a rubber dam in all cases
Answer: C: Proper isolation and acid etching
49. Occlusal Adjustment in Restorative Dentistry
Why is occlusal adjustment important after placing a restoration?
A: To prevent tooth mobility
B: To ensure the patient's bite is comfortable and functional
C: To increase the aesthetic appeal of the restoration
D: To make the tooth appear larger
Answer: B: To ensure the patient's bite is comfortable and functional
50. Use of Articulating Paper
What is the purpose of articulating paper in restorative dentistry?
A: To measure the patient's bite force
B: To absorb excess moisture
C: To check the contact points of a restoration with opposing teeth
D: To polish the restoration
Answer: C: To check the contact points of a restoration with opposing teeth
51. Complex Cavity Preparations
What is a key consideration when preparing a complex cavity that involves multiple tooth surfaces?
A: Speed of preparation
B: Minimizing the use of local anesthesia
C: Preserving tooth structure and maintaining tooth strength
D: Using the largest bur available
Answer: C: Preserving tooth structure and maintaining tooth strength
52. Microleakage in Dental Restorations
What causes microleakage in dental restorations?
A: The color of the restorative material
B: The use of a dental dam
C: Inadequate marginal seal between the restoration and the tooth
D: The patient’s oral hygiene habits
Answer: C: Inadequate marginal seal between the restoration and the tooth
53. Biocompatibility of Dental Materials
Why is biocompatibility important in the selection of dental materials?
A: To ensure the materials are cost-effective
B: To prevent adverse reactions in the patient's mouth
C: To ensure easy handling of the material
D: To match the color of the patient's teeth
Answer: B: To prevent adverse reactions in the patient's mouth
54. Indications for Dental Crowns
When is a dental crown preferable to a direct restoration?
A: For minor cavities on anterior teeth
B: When there is extensive tooth structure loss
C: For all cases of dental caries
D: When the patient requests a quicker procedure
Answer: B: When there is extensive tooth structure loss
55. Management of Dental Trauma
How should a fractured tooth be managed operatively?
A: Always extract the tooth
B: Immediate placement of a dental crown
C: Assess the extent of damage and consider restoration or endodontic treatment if necessary
D: Use a whitening agent to mask the fracture
Answer: C: Assess the extent of damage and consider restoration or endodontic treatment if necessary
56. Use of Dental Burs
What is the main consideration when selecting a dental bur for cavity preparation?
A: The bur's color
B: The cost of the bur
C: The bur's size and shape relative to the cavity
D: The speed at which the bur rotates
Answer: C: The bur's size and shape relative to the cavity
57. Principles of Esthetic Dentistry
What is a fundamental principle in esthetic dentistry?
A: Use of the most expensive materials
B: Achieving a natural appearance that harmonizes with the patient’s overall dentition
C: Making all teeth appear uniformly white
D: Focusing solely on the front teeth
Answer: B: Achieving a natural appearance that harmonizes with the patient’s overall dentition
58. Endodontic Considerations in Operative Dentistry
When is endodontic treatment considered in operative dentistry?
A: In every case of cavity preparation
B: Only in cases of tooth extraction
C: When there is pulpal involvement or a high risk of pulpal exposure
D: Only for cosmetic improvements
Answer: C: When there is pulpal involvement or a high risk of pulpal exposure
59. Techniques for Pulp Protection
What is a common technique for protecting the pulp in deep cavities?
A: Always perform a root canal
B: Placement of a liner or base
C: Use of a whitening agent
D: Extensive use of dental dams
Answer: B: Placement of a liner or base
60. Criteria for Successful Restorations
What are the criteria for a successful dental restoration?
A: High cost and complexity
B: Longevity, function, and aesthetics
C: Speed of placement
D: Use of a specific brand of material
Answer: B: Longevity, function, and aesthetics
61. Management of Gingival Tissues in Operative Dentistry
How are gingival tissues managed during operative procedures?
A: They are always surgically removed
B: By using retraction cords or gingival displacement techniques
C: Ignoring them as they are not important
D: By applying bleaching agents
Answer: B: By using retraction cords or gingival displacement techniques
62. Preventive Resin Restorations (PRR)
When are preventive resin restorations indicated?
A: In cases of extensive caries
B: For cosmetic improvements
C: In small occlusal caries preserving most of the tooth structure
D: In every dental procedure
Answer: C: In small occlusal caries preserving most of the tooth structure
63. Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth
What is an important consideration when restoring endodontically treated teeth?
A: They should always receive a crown
B: They do not require special consideration
C: Reinforcement of the remaining tooth structure
D: The use of a specific color of material
Answer: C: Reinforcement of the remaining tooth structure
64. Inlay and Onlay Restorations
What is the indication for an inlay or onlay restoration?
A: When a tooth requires a full crown coverage
B: For minor cavities that affect only the enamel
C: When the tooth has lost a significant amount of structure but is not indicated for a crown
D: In all situations as a standard restoration
Answer: C: When the tooth has lost a significant amount of structure but is not indicated for a crown
65. Management of Dental Hypersensitivity
What are operative strategies to manage dental hypersensitivity?
A: Only use cold water during procedures
B: Application of desensitizing agents or restorations to cover exposed dentin
C: Ignoring the sensitivity as it is not significant
D: Advising the patient to avoid brushing
Answer: B: Application of desensitizing agents or restorations to cover exposed dentin
66. Caries Risk Assessment in Operative Dentistry
What is a significant factor in caries risk assessment?
A: The patient’s hair color
B: Previous caries experience and current caries activity
C: The brand of toothpaste the patient uses
D: The patient’s preference for restorative material
Answer: B: Previous caries experience and current caries activity
67. Dental Adhesion Mechanisms
What is the mechanism of adhesion in bonding agents?
A: Mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding to the tooth structure
B: Solely based on the pressure applied
C: Based on the color match with the tooth
D: Adhesion is not important in dentistry
Answer: A: Mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding to the tooth structure
68. Selection of Matrix Systems
What is a critical factor in selecting a matrix system for a restoration?
A: The matrix system's color
B: The ease of use and ability to reproduce the natural tooth contour
C: The cost of the matrix system
D: The preference of the dental assistant
Answer: B: The ease of use and ability to reproduce the natural tooth contour
69. Restorative Techniques for Esthetic Zones
What is important when restoring teeth in esthetic zones?
A: Using the strongest material regardless of appearance
B: Matching the restoration to the patient’s natural teeth in color, shape, and texture
C: Completing the restoration as quickly as possible
D: Using the same material for every patient
Answer: B: Matching the restoration to the patient’s natural teeth in color, shape, and texture
70. Digital Technology in Operative Dentistry
How is digital technology impacting operative dentistry?
A: It is not used in operative dentistry
B: Primarily in record-keeping
C: Through digital imaging and CAD/CAM technology for diagnosis and restoration fabrication
D: Only in billing and scheduling
Answer: C: Through digital imaging and CAD/CAM technology for diagnosis and restoration fabrication
71. Cementation of Indirect Restorations
What is a critical step in the cementation process of indirect restorations?
A: Choosing the most colorful cement
B: Proper cleaning and preparation of the tooth surface
C: Applying as much cement as possible
D: Selecting the cement based on its flavor
Answer: B: Proper cleaning and preparation of the tooth surface
72. Dental Ceramics in Operative Dentistry
What is an advantage of using dental ceramics in restorative dentistry?
A: They are the cheapest material
B: Their high aesthetic value due to color and translucency similar to natural teeth
C: No need for tooth preparation
D: They are always the strongest material
Answer: B: Their high aesthetic value due to color and translucency similar to natural teeth
73. Treatment Planning for Complex Cases
What is essential in treatment planning for complex restorative cases?
A: Planning based solely on the patient's age
B: Comprehensive assessment including occlusal, functional, and esthetic considerations
C: Using the same approach for every patient
D: Focusing only on the esthetic outcome
Answer: B: Comprehensive assessment including occlusal, functional, and esthetic considerations
74. Managing Discolored Teeth
What is a common operative approach to manage intrinsically discolored teeth?
A: Ignoring the discoloration as it is not important
B: Application of bleaching agents or veneers
C: Always extracting discolored teeth
D: Advising the patient to brush more frequently
Answer: B: Application of bleaching agents or veneers
75. Use of Dental Lasers
In what aspect of operative dentistry are dental lasers particularly useful?
A: In replacing all traditional dental instruments
B: For soft tissue procedures and caries removal
C: As a substitute for dental anesthesia
D: For teeth whitening only
Answer: B: For soft tissue procedures and caries removal
76. Considerations for Pediatric Patients
What is an important consideration when performing operative procedures on pediatric patients?
A: Using the same techniques as for adults, without modification
B: Special attention to behavior management and comfort
C: Avoiding the use of local anesthesia
D: Using only silver amalgam for restorations
Answer: B: Special attention to behavior management and comfort
77. Restorative Options for Edentulous Spaces
What are common operative restorative options for edentulous spaces?
A: Bridges or implants
B: Always choosing removable dentures
C: Ignoring the space as it is not significant
D: Only using gold restorations
Answer: A: Bridges or implants
78. Occlusal Considerations for Restorations
Why is the evaluation of occlusion important after placing a restoration?
A: To ensure the patient's speech is not affected
B: To ensure proper occlusal contacts and avoid premature contacts or occlusal disharmony
C: Only for aesthetic reasons
D: To make the tooth appear larger or smaller
Answer: B: To ensure proper occlusal contacts and avoid premature contacts or occlusal disharmony
79. Handling of Composite Materials
What is crucial in the handling of composite materials?
A: Using them in every dental procedure
B: Avoiding their use in front teeth
C: Proper manipulation to avoid voids and ensure adequate polymerization
D: Mixing them with other materials
Answer: C: Proper manipulation to avoid voids and ensure adequate polymerization
80. Temporary Restorations
What is the purpose of a temporary restoration?
A: To serve as a permanent solution
B: To protect the tooth and maintain function and aesthetics until the permanent restoration is placed
C: To test the patient's reaction to different materials
D: For color testing
Answer: B: To protect the tooth and maintain function and aesthetics until the permanent restoration is placed
81. Color Science in Dentistry
What role does color science play in restorative dentistry?
A: It is not considered important
B: In the selection and matching of restorative materials for an esthetically pleasing result
C: Only for choosing the color of the dental office walls
D: For determining the price of restorations
Answer: B: In the selection and matching of restorative materials for an esthetically pleasing result
82. Restoration of Root Caries
What is a common approach for the restoration of root caries?
A: Always using gold restorations
B: Ignoring them as they are not significant
C: Using materials like glass ionomer that provide good adhesion and fluoride release
D: Using the hardest available material
Answer: C: Using materials like glass ionomer that provide good adhesion and fluoride release
83. Techniques for Caries Removal
What is an advanced technique for caries removal?
A: Solely using manual instruments
B: Using chemomechanical caries removal agents
C: Using only lasers, regardless of the situation
D: Always opting for extraction
Answer: B: Using chemomechanical caries removal agents
84. Full Mouth Rehabilitation
What is involved in full mouth rehabilitation?
A: Treatment focused only on the front teeth
B: Comprehensive treatment planning that addresses functional, structural, and esthetic needs of the entire dentition
C: Only using whitening procedures
D: Placing crowns on all teeth regardless of condition
Answer: B: Comprehensive treatment planning that addresses functional, structural, and esthetic needs of the entire dentition
85. Marginal Integrity in Restorations
Why is marginal integrity important in dental restorations?
A: To increase the speed of placement
B: To enhance the restoration's appearance only
C: To prevent secondary caries and ensure longevity of the restoration
D: To comply with insurance requirements
Answer: C: To prevent secondary caries and ensure longevity of the restoration
86. Use of Posts in Endodontically Treated Teeth
When are posts used in endodontically treated teeth?
A: Always, regardless of the tooth’s condition
B: To provide structural support for the restoration when there is insufficient tooth structure remaining
C: For aesthetic purposes only
D: To make the procedure more expensive
Answer: B: To provide structural support for the restoration when there is insufficient tooth structure remaining
87. Digital Impressions in Dentistry
What advantage do digital impressions offer in operative dentistry?
A: They are only useful for patient education
B: Greater accuracy and efficiency compared to traditional impression materials
C: They replace the need for clinical examination
D: They are always less expensive
Answer: B: Greater accuracy and efficiency compared to traditional impression materials
88. Management of Non-Carious Lesions
How are non-carious lesions such as abrasion or erosion managed?
A: Always with extraction
B: Using materials that provide resilience and adhesion, such as composite resins or glass ionomer cements
C: Ignoring them as they are not significant
D: Treating them as regular caries
Answer: B: Using materials that provide resilience and adhesion, such as composite resins or glass ionomer cements
89. Contemporary Cavity Preparation Techniques
What is emphasized in contemporary cavity preparation techniques?
A: Maximum removal of tooth structure
B: Minimal intervention and preservation of tooth structure
C: Using the largest instruments available
D: Focusing on the speed of preparation
Answer: B: Minimal intervention and preservation of tooth structure
90. Role of CAD/CAM in Restorative Dentistry
How does CAD/CAM technology benefit restorative dentistry?
A: By replacing the need for a dentist
B: It allows for precise design and fabrication of restorations in-office
C: It is used only for billing purposes
D: For making dental procedures more complicated
Answer: B: It allows for precise design and fabrication of restorations in-office
91. Criteria for Material Selection in Operative Dentistry
What criteria are most important in selecting materials for operative procedures?
A: The material’s esthetic properties and functional durability
B: The fastest setting materials
C: The least expensive options
D: Materials based solely on patient preference
Answer: A: The material’s esthetic properties and functional durability
92. Management of Extensive Carious Lesions
What approach is recommended for treating extensive carious lesions near the pulp?
A: Immediate root canal treatment
B: Selective carious tissue removal and indirect pulp capping
C: Always performing a pulpotomy
D: Extraction and implant placement
Answer: B: Selective carious tissue removal and indirect pulp capping
93. Challenges in Pediatric Dentistry
What are common challenges when performing operative procedures on children?
A: Behavioral management and smaller anatomical size
B: Children's teeth do not require local anesthesia
C: The use of adult-sized instruments
D: Faster development of caries in children
Answer: A: Behavioral management and smaller anatomical size
94. Implant Considerations in Operative Dentistry
In what scenarios are dental implants considered in operative dentistry?
A: As a first option for any missing tooth
B: When traditional bridges or dentures are not feasible or desirable
C: Only in cosmetic cases
D: In every case of tooth extraction
Answer: B: When traditional bridges or dentures are not feasible or desirable
95. Restoration of Worn Dentition
What is a key consideration when restoring worn dentition?
A: Always increasing the vertical dimension of occlusion
B: Understanding the cause of wear and restoring form and function
C: Using the hardest available material
D: Focusing only on anterior teeth
Answer: B: Understanding the cause of wear and restoring form and function
96. Bonding to Different Tooth Structures
How does bonding differ between enamel and dentin?
A: Bonding techniques and materials are the same for both
B: Enamel requires mechanical retention, while dentin relies on chemical adhesion
C: Dentin bonding involves a more complex procedure due to its structure and moisture content
D: Only enamel can be bonded to
Answer: C: Dentin bonding involves a more complex procedure due to its structure and moisture content
97. Role of Splinting in Operative Dentistry
When is splinting used in operative dentistry?
A: In cases of dental trauma or periodontal instability
B: In every case of tooth extraction
C: For cosmetic enhancements
D: As a standard procedure for all restorations
Answer: A: In cases of dental trauma or periodontal instability
98. Management of Tooth Hypersensitivity
What are operative approaches to manage tooth hypersensitivity?
A: Application of desensitizing agents and restorative materials that block exposed dentinal tubules
B: Immediate extraction of sensitive teeth
C: Ignoring the sensitivity as it is self-resolving
D: Only using whitening agents
Answer: A: Application of desensitizing agents and restorative materials that block exposed dentinal tubules
99. Esthetic Considerations in Posterior Restorations
What is important in the esthetic consideration of posterior restorations?
A: The restoration should mimic the natural tooth in form and function
B: Posterior restorations do not require esthetic consideration
C: Using the brightest material available
D: Focusing solely on the strength of the material
Answer: A: The restoration should mimic the natural tooth in form and function
100. Provisional Restorations in Operative Dentistry
What is the main purpose of a provisional restoration?
A: To serve as a long-term solution
B: To protect the tooth and maintain function and esthetics while the final restoration is being fabricated
C: To test different materials for patient comfort
D: To avoid the need for a permanent restoration
Answer: B: To protect the tooth and maintain function and esthetics while the final restoration is being fabricated
101. Amalgam vs Composite Resin
What are the primary considerations when choosing between amalgam and composite resin for a restoration?
A: Amalgam is always the preferred choice
B: Esthetics, location of the tooth, and patient preference
C: The patient's age and gender
D: The time of day the procedure is performed
Answer: B: Esthetics, location of the tooth, and patient preference
102. Complex Cavity Design
What factors influence the design of a complex cavity preparation?
A: The extent of carious lesion and remaining tooth structure
B: The patient's ability to pay
C: The color of the surrounding teeth
D: The preference for using specific instruments
Answer: A: The extent of carious lesion and remaining tooth structure
103. Factors Affecting Adhesion
What factors can affect the adhesion of dental materials to tooth structure?
A: The brand of the material
B: Tooth surface cleanliness, presence of smear layer, and moisture control
C: The patient's diet
D: The time of year the procedure is performed
Answer: B: Tooth surface cleanliness, presence of smear layer, and moisture control
104. Indirect Pulp Capping
What is the goal of indirect pulp capping?
A: To always expose the pulp
B: To promote healing and preserve the vitality of a tooth that might otherwise need a root canal
C: To make the procedure more expensive
D: To prepare for a dental crown
Answer: B: To promote healing and preserve the vitality of a tooth that might otherwise need a root canal
105. Anterior vs. Posterior Composites
How do composite restoration techniques differ between anterior and posterior teeth?
A: The same techniques and materials are used for both
B: Different layering techniques and material properties are considered due to differences in aesthetic requirements and occlusal forces
C: Posterior composites are not used
D: Anterior composites are only for color matching
Answer: B: Different layering techniques and material properties are considered due to differences in aesthetic requirements and occlusal forces
106. Use of Liners and Bases
What is the main purpose of using liners and bases under restorations?
A: To improve the appearance of the restoration
B: To provide thermal insulation and protect the pulp
C: They are used only for their color
D: To make the restoration process longer
Answer: B: To provide thermal insulation and protect the pulp
107. Finishing and Polishing of Restorations
Why is the finishing and polishing of restorations important?
A: It is only for aesthetic purposes
B: To achieve smooth surfaces, reduce plaque accumulation, and improve esthetics and longevity
C: To make the restoration appear larger
D: It is an optional step
Answer: B: To achieve smooth surfaces, reduce plaque accumulation, and improve esthetics and longevity
108. Managing Soft Tissue During Operative Procedures
How is soft tissue managed during operative procedures?
A: By aggressive retraction for better visibility
B: Through gentle manipulation and protection to prevent injury and ensure proper healing
C: Ignoring soft tissue as it is not important
D: Using bleaching agents on the soft tissue
Answer: B: Through gentle manipulation and protection to prevent injury and ensure proper healing
109. Sealants in Preventive Dentistry
What is the role of sealants in preventive dentistry?
A: To replace the need for brushing and flossing
B: To provide a physical barrier in pits and fissures to prevent caries
C: They are used for cosmetic improvements
D: As a standard treatment in all operative procedures
Answer: B: To provide a physical barrier in pits and fissures to prevent caries
110. Management of Subgingival Margins
What is the most appropriate approach for managing subgingival margins in restorative dentistry?
A: Extensive gingival retraction regardless of periodontal health
B: Using a gingival displacement cord with astringents or hemostatic agents as needed
C: Always avoiding restoration of subgingival margins
D: Immediate referral for gingivectomy
Answer: B: Using a gingival displacement cord with astringents or hemostatic agents as needed
111. Dealing with Polymerization Shrinkage
How can polymerization shrinkage in composite resin restorations be best managed?
A: By using a rapid curing technique
B: Through incremental layering and curing techniques
C: Ignoring shrinkage as it is insignificant
D: Using only amalgam to avoid shrinkage
Answer: B: Through incremental layering and curing techniques
112. Stress Distribution in Complex Restorations
How does the design of a complex restoration affect stress distribution in a restored tooth?
A: Complex designs always increase stress
B: Design should aim to mimic natural tooth contours and distribute occlusal forces evenly
C: The design is irrelevant as long as the strongest material is used
D: Stress distribution is only a concern in anterior teeth
Answer: B: Design should aim to mimic natural tooth contours and distribute occlusal forces evenly
113. Managing Fractured Cusp Syndrome
What is the most appropriate operative approach for a tooth with fractured cusp syndrome?
A: Full coverage with a crown after assessing and treating for potential pulpal involvement
B: Placing a direct composite without further assessment
C: Immediate extraction
D: Routine filling without considering cuspal coverage
Answer: A: Full coverage with a crown after assessing and treating for potential pulpal involvement
114. Restorative Challenges in Bruxism Patients
What are key considerations when restoring teeth in patients with bruxism?
A: Selection of wear-resistant materials and possibly occlusal guard fabrication
B: Using the softest material to reduce tooth wear
C: Avoiding any restorations as they will fail
D: Focusing only on cosmetic appearance
Answer: A: Selection of wear-resistant materials and possibly occlusal guard fabrication
115. Biomechanics of Tooth Preparation
What is a crucial biomechanical consideration in tooth preparation for indirect restorations?
A: Always maximizing the tooth structure removal for better material strength
B: Preservation of cusp and marginal ridge integrity where possible to maintain tooth strength
C: Uniform reduction of tooth structure on all surfaces
D: Focusing only on the aesthetic aspects of the preparation
Answer: B: Preservation of cusp and marginal ridge integrity where possible to maintain tooth strength
116. Management of Dental Erosion
In cases of dental erosion, what factors must be considered for restorative treatment?
A: Identification and management of the underlying cause, along with restoration of lost tooth structure
B: Immediate use of crowns on all affected teeth
C: Limiting restoration to only using bonding agents
D: Only focusing on dietary changes without restorative intervention
Answer: A: Identification and management of the underlying cause, along with restoration of lost tooth structure
117. Challenges in Matching Translucency in Anterior Restorations
What are the challenges in matching translucency in anterior composite restorations and how are they addressed?
A: Translucency is not a concern in anterior restorations
B: Using a single shade of composite resin
C: Layering different opacities of composite resin to mimic the natural translucency of teeth
D: Applying a uniform thickness of the same composite material
Answer: C: Layering different opacities of composite resin to mimic the natural translucency of teeth
118.Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth with Significant Structure Loss
What considerations are essential in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth with significant structure loss?
A: Always using a post, regardless of remaining tooth structure
B: Assessing the need for a post and core for structural support and proper ferrule effect
C: Focusing on esthetic materials only
D: Using the least expensive restorative option
Answer: B: Assessing the need for a post and core for structural support and proper ferrule effect
119. Management of Occlusal Wear in Geriatric Patients
What considerations are key in managing occlusal wear in geriatric patients?
A: Using only removable prosthetics
B: Comprehensive assessment of occlusion, esthetics, and function, considering conservative restorative options and potential for altered dental sensitivity
C: Avoiding any restorations due to age
D: Standard treatment with full mouth reconstruction
Answer: B: Comprehensive assessment of occlusion, esthetics, and function, considering conservative restorative options and potential for altered dental sensitivity
120. Occlusal Analysis in Restorative Procedures
Why is occlusal analysis important in restorative procedures?
A: To increase the cost of the treatment
B: To ensure proper function and prevent premature wear or failure of the restoration
C: It is only important in cosmetic procedures
D: To decide the color of the restoration
Answer: B: To ensure proper function and prevent premature wear or failure of the restoration
121. Techniques for Deep Margin Elevation
What is the recommended technique for managing deep subgingival margins during indirect restoration procedures?
A: Ignoring subgingival margins as they are not significant
B: Deep margin elevation using a suitable restorative material to bring the margin supragingival
C: Always opting for surgical crown lengthening
D: Using extra retraction cord to expose the margin
Answer: B: Deep margin elevation using a suitable restorative material to bring the margin supragingival
122. Dealing with Cervical Margin Relocation
How is cervical margin relocation (CMR) effectively achieved in operative dentistry?
A: By aggressive tooth preparation to relocate margins coronally
B: Through controlled, stepwise preparation and restoration to relocate margins without compromising tooth vitality
C: CMR is not a recognized procedure in operative dentistry
D: Solely by orthodontic means
Answer: B: Through controlled, stepwise preparation and restoration to relocate margins without compromising tooth vitality
123. Management of Caries in Proximal Contact Areas
What is the preferred approach to managing caries in proximal contact areas of posterior teeth?
A: Large cavity preparation for easier access
B: Minimal intervention techniques with precise cavity preparation and use of sectional matrix systems
C: Always opting for full-coverage crowns
D: Leaving the caries untreated if it's not visible
Answer: B: Minimal intervention techniques with precise cavity preparation and use of sectional matrix systems
124. Selective Caries Removal to Firm Dentin
What is the rationale behind selective caries removal to firm dentin in deep carious lesions?
A: To maintain pulp vitality by not exposing or minimally exposing the pulp
B: Because it is faster than traditional caries removal
C: To leave a certain amount of caries for natural remineralization
D: To reduce the cost of the procedure
Answer: A: To maintain pulp vitality by not exposing or minimally exposing the pulp
125. Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth with Minimal Structure
What factors must be considered in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth with minimal remaining tooth structure?
A: Determining the need for core build-up and the type of post (if required), and ensuring adequate ferrule for crown retention
B: Using the strongest cement available regardless of the tooth condition
C: Always recommending extraction and implant placement
D: Focusing solely on the esthetic outcome without considering tooth structure
Answer: A: Determining the need for core build-up and the type of post (if required), and ensuring adequate ferrule for crown retention
126. Challenges in Matching Tooth Color in Anterior Restorations
What are the key challenges and solutions in matching tooth color for anterior composite restorations?
A: The main challenge is the cost of the materials; using cheaper materials solves this
B: Matching the polychromatic nature of natural teeth by using a combination of different shades and translucencies of composite
C: Using a single shade for simplicity
D: Ignoring tooth color as it changes over time anyway
Answer: B: Matching the polychromatic nature of natural teeth by using a combination of different shades and translucencies of composite
127. Technique Sensitivity in Adhesive Dentistry
What factors contribute to technique sensitivity in adhesive dentistry, and how can it be mitigated?
A: The main factor is the brand of the adhesive; using well-known brands mitigates this
B: Factors include moisture control, application technique, and curing; careful isolation, following manufacturer instructions, and proper curing techniques can mitigate these
C: Technique sensitivity is a myth in modern dentistry
D: Only the patient’s oral hygiene matters
Answer: B: Factors include moisture control, application technique, and curing; careful isolation, following manufacturer instructions, and proper curing techniques can mitigate these
128. Occlusal Adjustments in Complex Restorations
What considerations are crucial when performing occlusal adjustments in complex restorative cases?
A: Adjustments are based solely on patient feedback
B: Considering the dynamic occlusion, guidance patterns, and ensuring even distribution of occlusal forces
C: Making all teeth meet at the same time in maximum intercuspation
D: The primary consideration is the speed of the adjustment process
Answer: B: Considering the dynamic occlusion, guidance patterns, and ensuring even distribution of occlusal forces
129. Restorative Decision Making for Erosive Tooth Wear
In the case of erosive tooth wear, what factors influence the decision-making process for restorative intervention?
A: The decision is based on the patient’s age
B: Assessment of the etiology of wear, the rate of progression, patient symptoms, and esthetic concerns
C: Automatically opting for full mouth rehabilitation
D: Using the same type of restoration regardless of wear pattern
Answer: B: Assessment of the etiology of wear, the rate of progression, patient symptoms, and esthetic concerns
130. Management of Flared Root Canals in Restorative Dentistry
What is a key consideration in the restorative management of teeth with flared root canals?
A: Always using a post for reinforcement
B: Evaluating the remaining tooth structure, considering the use of a conservative post system or alternative restoration methods if post placement is not viable
C: Recommending extraction as the only option
D: Ignoring the flare as it does not affect restoration
Answer: B: Evaluating the remaining tooth structure, considering the use of a conservative post system or alternative restoration methods if post placement is not viable
131. Properties of Ideal Dental Cements
What are the essential properties of an ideal dental cement for luting applications?
A: High solubility, low strength, and ease of removal
B: Radiopacity, biocompatibility, appropriate setting time, and adequate strength
C: High thermal expansion and low compressive strength
D: Color variability and quick degradation
Answer: B: Radiopacity, biocompatibility, appropriate setting time, and adequate strength
132. Influence of Cement Thickness on Restoration Longevity
How does the thickness of luting cement influence the longevity of a fixed dental prosthesis?
A: Thicker cement layers consistently increase the longevity
B: Minimal and uniform cement thickness is critical for reducing microleakage and enhancing prosthesis longevity
C: Cement thickness has no impact on the longevity of restorations
D: Variable thickness is preferred for different types of prostheses
Answer: B: Minimal and uniform cement thickness is critical for reducing microleakage and enhancing prosthesis longevity
133. Selection Criteria for Resin Cements
What factors are crucial in selecting resin cements for bonding ceramic restorations?
A: Only the color of the cement
B: The type of ceramic, desired esthetics, and the need for adhesion to tooth structure
C: The quickest setting time regardless of other factors
D: Choosing the least expensive option available
Answer: B: The type of ceramic, desired esthetics, and the need for adhesion to tooth structure
134. Handling and Mixing of Zinc Phosphate Cement
What are the critical considerations in the handling and mixing of zinc phosphate cement?
A: Mixing quickly to accelerate the setting time
B: Using a cool glass slab and incremental powder incorporation to control the setting reaction
C: Ignoring the powder-to-liquid ratio
D: Mixing all components at once for convenience
Answer: B: Using a cool glass slab and incremental powder incorporation to control the setting reaction
135. Cementation of High-Strength Ceramic Restorations
Which type of cement is most suitable for cementation of high-strength ceramic restorations, like zirconia?
A: Traditional glass ionomer cement
B: Resin-modified glass ionomer cement or resin cement, depending on the restoration and preparation design
C: Any cement available in the clinic
D: Water-based cements for ease of use
Answer: B: Resin-modified glass ionomer cement or resin cement, depending on the restoration and preparation design
136. Role of Cement in Post and Core Buildups
What is the role of dental cement in post and core buildups for endodontically treated teeth?
A: Primarily aesthetic to match the core material
B: To provide mechanical retention and support for the core material, filling any voids between the post and the canal walls
C: Cement is not used in post and core buildups
D: To speed up the setting time of the core material
Answer: B: To provide mechanical retention and support for the core material, filling any voids between the post and the canal walls
137. Impact of Cement Solubility on Periodontal Health
How does the solubility of dental cements impact periodontal health?
A: Highly soluble cements can lead to marginal breakdown and periodontal inflammation
B: Solubility of cements has no impact on periodontal health
C: Greater solubility is desired for easier cleanup
D: Only the color of the cement affects periodontal health
Answer: A: Highly soluble cements can lead to marginal breakdown and periodontal inflammation
138. Considerations for Cementing Metal-Based Restorations
Which factors are most important when choosing a cement for metal-based restorations?
A: Esthetics and translucency
B: Biocompatibility, compressive strength, and ease of handling
C: Only the cost of the cement
D: The preference for a particular brand
Answer: B: Biocompatibility, compressive strength, and ease of handling
139. Advantages of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cements
What are the advantages of using resin-modified glass ionomer cements over conventional glass ionomer cements?
A: They have a faster setting time and improved mechanical properties
B: They are always less expensive
C: No mixing is required
D: They are exclusively used for aesthetic purposes
Answer: A: They have a faster setting time and improved mechanical properties
140. Cementation Protocol for Porcelain Laminate Veneers
What is the recommended protocol for cementing porcelain laminate veneers?
A: Using temporary cement for trial periods
B: Etching both the internal surface of the veneer and the tooth, followed by the application of a resin cement
C: Using zinc phosphate cement for its strength
D: Dry bonding without any cement for a natural bond
Answer: B: Etching both the internal surface of the veneer and the tooth, followed by the application of a resin cement
141. Cementing Agents for Implant-Supported Crowns
Which type of cement is preferred for cementing implant-supported crowns and why?
A: Resin-based cements due to their superior bond strength and durability
B: Zinc phosphate cement for its ease of use
C: Glass ionomer cement for its fluoride release
D: Any over-the-counter dental cement
Answer: A: Resin-based cements due to their superior bond strength and durability
142. Cement Selection for Porcelain Fused to Metal (PFM) Crowns
Which factors influence the choice of cement for porcelain fused to metal (PFM) crowns?
A: Primarily the color of the porcelain
B: The esthetic requirement, retention needs, and the potential for caries beneath the crown
C: The patient’s preference
D: The time of day the procedure is performed
Answer: B: The esthetic requirement, retention needs, and the potential for caries beneath the crown
143. Preparation of Tooth Surface for Cementation
What are the key steps in preparing a tooth surface for cementation to ensure optimal bonding?
A: Roughening the tooth surface with a coarse bur
B: Cleaning, possibly etching, and applying a suitable bonding agent based on the type of cement
C: Soaking the tooth in water
D: No preparation is needed
Answer: B: Cleaning, possibly etching, and applying a suitable bonding agent based on the type of cement
144. Effect of Cement Viscosity on Crown Seating
How does the viscosity of luting cement affect the seating of dental crowns?
A: Higher viscosity cements ensure better seating
B: Lower viscosity cements aid in complete seating of the crown by allowing it to fully adapt to the tooth preparation
C: Viscosity of cement does not affect crown seating
D: Only the color of the cement impacts seating
Answer: B: Lower viscosity cements aid in complete seating of the crown by allowing it to fully adapt to the tooth preparation
145. Mechanism of Adhesion in Glass Ionomer Cements
What is the primary mechanism of adhesion for glass ionomer cements to tooth structure?
A: Mechanical interlocking
B: Chemical bonding through ion exchange between the cement and the tooth
C: Adhesion is purely based on the pressure applied
D: Glass ionomer cements do not adhere to tooth structure
Answer: B: Chemical bonding through ion exchange between the cement and the tooth
146. Cementation of All-Ceramic Restorations
What considerations are crucial when selecting a cement for all-ceramic restorations?
A: The translucency of the ceramic, bond strength required, and esthetic considerations
B: Using the fastest setting cement
C: The preference for the easiest to mix cement
D: Selecting the cheapest available option
Answer: A: The translucency of the ceramic, bond strength required, and esthetic considerations
147. Managing Excess Cement in Subgingival Margins
What is the best practice for managing excess cement in subgingival margins during cementation?
A: Leaving the excess cement as it will naturally dissolve
B: Thorough removal using appropriate instruments to prevent periodontal irritation and potential inflammation
C: Washing it away with water spray
D: Ignoring it as it does not pose any risks
Answer: B: Thorough removal using appropriate instruments to prevent periodontal irritation and potential inflammation
148. Cementation in Moist Environments
How does moisture control impact the cementation process, particularly with resin-based cements?
A: Moisture has no effect on the cementation process
B: Excess moisture can compromise the bond strength, particularly of resin-based cements, leading to possible restoration failure
C: Moisture enhances the setting reaction of resin-based cements
D: The main effect of moisture is on the color of the cement
Answer: B: Excess moisture can compromise the bond strength, particularly of resin-based cements, leading to possible restoration failure
149. Cementation of Maryland Bridges
What are the specific considerations when choosing a cement for Maryland bridges?
A: Using cements with high compressive strength and bonding capability to enamel
B: The primary consideration is the cement’s flavor
C: Any standard dental cement is suitable for Maryland bridges
D: Choosing the cement based on its radiopacity alone
Answer: A: Using cements with high compressive strength and bonding capability to enamel
150. Shelf Life and Storage of Dental Cements
How do the shelf life and storage conditions affect the properties of dental cements?
A: They have no impact on the properties of dental cements
B: Improper storage and use past the shelf life can alter the physical and chemical properties, affecting the cement’s performance
C: Dental cements improve with age
D: The main impact is on the color of the cement
Answer: B: Improper storage and use past the shelf life can alter the physical and chemical properties, affecting the cement’s performance
151. Setting Reaction of Zinc Oxide Eugenol Cement
What is the primary chemical reaction involved in the setting of zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) cement?
A: Polymerization reaction
B: Acid-base reaction between zinc oxide and eugenol
C: Hydration reaction
D: Oxidation-reduction reaction
Answer: B: Acid-base reaction between zinc oxide and eugenol
152. Factors Affecting Adhesion of Polycarboxylate Cement
What factors critically affect the adhesion of polycarboxylate cement to tooth structure?
A: The temperature of the mixing environment and the powder-to-liquid ratio
B: The color and viscosity of the cement
C: The brand of the cement
D: The speed of the dental drill
Answer: A: The temperature of the mixing environment and the powder-to-liquid ratio
153. Cementation of Lithium Disilicate Restorations
Which cementation technique is recommended for lithium disilicate restorations?
A: Conventional cementation with glass ionomer cement
B: Adhesive cementation using resin cements after proper surface treatment
C: Using zinc phosphate cement without any surface treatment
D: Dry cementation without any adhesives
Answer: B: Adhesive cementation using resin cements after proper surface treatment
154. Role of Eugenol in ZOE Cement
What is the role of eugenol in zinc oxide eugenol cement, and what are its implications?
A: Eugenol acts as a plasticizer and has a sedative effect on pulp, but it can interfere with the setting of resin materials
B: Eugenol is mainly used to enhance the color of the cement
C: It speeds up the setting reaction
D: Eugenol increases the cement’s strength
Answer: A: Eugenol acts as a plasticizer and has a sedative effect on pulp, but it can interfere with the setting of resin materials
155. Cement Leakage and Postoperative Sensitivity
How can cement leakage contribute to postoperative sensitivity, and what steps can be taken to minimize this risk?
A: Cement leakage is not related to postoperative sensitivity
B: Leakage of excess cement can irritate the periodontal ligament; careful removal of excess cement and proper margin adaptation are essential
C: Only using cements that are visible on radiographs can minimize this risk
D: Postoperative sensitivity is solely due to patient’s oral hygiene
Answer: B: Leakage of excess cement can irritate the periodontal ligament; careful removal of excess cement and proper margin adaptation are essential
156. Fluoride Release in Glass Ionomer Cements
What is the significance of fluoride release in glass ionomer cements and its clinical implications?
A: Fluoride release is only important for aesthetic reasons
B: It contributes to the anti-cariogenic properties of the cement, offering some degree of caries protection
C: Fluoride release weakens the cement
D: It impacts the setting time of the cement
Answer: B: It contributes to the anti-cariogenic properties of the cement, offering some degree of caries protection
157. Cement Retention and Tooth Preparation Design
How does the design of tooth preparation impact the retention of cements in crown and bridge work?
A: Tooth preparation design is irrelevant to cement retention
B: Parallel walls and adequate occlusal convergence enhance retention; excessively tapered preparations reduce cement retention
C: The smoother the preparation, the better the retention
D: Only the type of cement affects retention, not the tooth preparation
Answer: B: Parallel walls and adequate occlusal convergence enhance retention; excessively tapered preparations reduce cement retention
158. Cementation in Patients with Xerostomia
What considerations should be made when cementing restorations in patients with xerostomia?
A: Xerostomia has no impact on cementation
B: Preference for cements that are less sensitive to moisture conditions and have high adhesive properties
C: Using only the fastest setting cements
D: Avoiding cementation procedures entirely in xerostomic patients
Answer: B: Preference for cements that are less sensitive to moisture conditions and have high adhesive properties
159. Effect of Cement Film Thickness on Fracture Resistance
How does the film thickness of luting cement affect the fracture resistance of ceramic restorations?
A: Thicker cement films consistently increase fracture resistance
B: Thinner cement films are preferable, as they create less stress on the ceramic material
C: The cement film thickness has no effect on fracture resistance
D: Only the color of the cement influences fracture resistance
Answer: B: Thinner cement films are preferable, as they create less stress on the ceramic material
160. Compatibility of Cements with Composite Resins
How does the compatibility of various dental cements with composite resin-based materials affect their selection in restorative procedures?
A: Compatibility is not a significant concern
B: Cements like zinc phosphate and ZOE may inhibit the polymerization of resin-based materials, requiring careful selection
C: All cements are equally compatible with composite resins
D: Only the setting time of cements affects their compatibility with composite resins
Answer: B: Cements like zinc phosphate and ZOE may inhibit the polymerization of resin-based materials, requiring careful selection
161. Polymerization Shrinkage in Composites
Which type of dental composite has the lowest polymerization shrinkage?
A: Bulk-fill composites
B: Flowable composites
C: Microfilled composites
D: Nanohybrid composites
Answer: A: Bulk-fill composites
162. Wear Resistance of Composites
Which type of dental composite typically offers the highest wear resistance?
A: Flowable composites
B: Microfilled composites
C: Packable composites
D: Nanohybrid composites
Answer: D: Nanohybrid composites
163. Esthetics and Polishability
Which type of dental composite is known for its superior esthetics and polishability?
A: Packable composites
B: Microfilled composites
C: Bulk-fill composites
D: Nanohybrid composites
Answer: B: Microfilled composites
164. Strength and Stiffness in Composites
For posterior restorations requiring high strength and stiffness, which type of composite is most appropriate?
A: Flowable composites
B: Microfilled composites
C: Packable composites
D: Nanohybrid composites
Answer: C: Packable composites
165. Managing Stress in Large Cavity Restorations
Which composite type is most beneficial for managing stress in large cavity restorations?
A: Nanofilled composites
B: Packable composites
C: Bulk-fill composites
D: Microfilled composites
Answer: C: Bulk-fill composites
166. Optimal Use of Flowable Composites
In which scenario is the use of flowable composites most optimal?
A: As a standalone material for high-stress bearing areas
B: For small cavity preparations or as a liner under more viscous composites
C: For cosmetic enhancements in anterior teeth
D: In posterior restorations as a bulk fill material
Answer: B: For small cavity preparations or as a liner under more viscous composites
167. Composite Selection for Anterior Esthetics
Which type of composite is preferred for anterior restorations where esthetics is a primary concern?
A: Packable composites
B: Flowable composites
C: Nanohybrid composites
D: Microfilled composites
Answer: D: Microfilled composites
168. Handling Characteristics of Composites
Which composite type is characterized by excellent handling properties and sculptability for complex restorations?
A: Nanofilled composites
B: Bulk-fill composites
C: Packable composites
D: Flowable composites
Answer: A: Nanofilled composites
169. Thermal Expansion and Contraction in Composites
Which type of composite exhibits the most similar coefficient of thermal expansion to natural tooth structure?
A: Microfilled composites
B: Flowable composites
C: Nanofilled composites
D: Packable composites
Answer: C: Nanofilled composites
170. Depth of Cure Concerns
Which composite type has raised concerns regarding the depth of cure in bulk placement?
A: Microfilled composites
B: Nanofilled composites
C: Packable composites
D: Bulk-fill composites
Answer: D: Bulk-fill composites
171. Radiopacity in Dental Composites
Which type of dental composite typically exhibits the best radiopacity?
A: Bulk-fill composites
B: Nanohybrid composites
C: Flowable composites
D: Microfilled composites
Answer: B: Nanohybrid composites
172. Thermal Conductivity in Composites
Which composite type generally exhibits the lowest thermal conductivity?
A: Packable composites
B: Flowable composites
C: Microfilled composites
D: Nanofilled composites
Answer: C: Microfilled composites
173. Composite Modulus of Elasticity
Which type of dental composite has the highest modulus of elasticity, resembling that of dentin?
A: Nanofilled composites
B: Microfilled composites
C: Bulk-fill composites
D: Packable composites
Answer: A: Nanofilled composites
174. Shrinkage Stress in Composites
Which type of composite is most associated with lower shrinkage stress during polymerization?
A: Nanofilled composites
B: Microfilled composites
C: Bulk-fill composites
D: Flowable composites
Answer: C: Bulk-fill composites
175. Application for High-Stress Bearing Areas
Which composite material is least suitable for high-stress bearing areas like posterior occlusal surfaces?
A: Nanohybrid composites
B: Microfilled composites
C: Bulk-fill composites
D: Packable composites
Answer: B: Microfilled composites
176. Composite for Minimal Intervention Dentistry
Which type of composite is particularly useful in minimal intervention dentistry for small cavities?
A: Packable composites
B: Flowable composites
C: Nanohybrid composites
D: Microfilled composites
Answer: B: Flowable composites
177. Aesthetics in Anterior Teeth Restoration
For restoring anterior teeth where aesthetics is a primary concern, which type of composite provides the best polishability and gloss retention?
A: Packable composites
B: Microfilled composites
C: Nanohybrid composites
D: Bulk-fill composites
Answer: B: Microfilled composites
178. Handling Properties for Complex Restorations
Which type of dental composite is known for its superior handling properties, making it ideal for complex restorative procedures?
A: Nanofilled composites
B: Microfilled composites
C: Bulk-fill composites
D: Flowable composites
Answer: A: Nanofilled composites
179. Optimal Choice for Posterior Restorations
What is the most recommended type of composite for large posterior restorations, due to its strength and resistance to wear?
A: Flowable composites
B: Microfilled composites
C: Packable composites
D: Nanohybrid composites
Answer: C: Packable composites
180. Curing Depth and Speed
In terms of curing depth and speed, which type of composite is specifically designed to address these needs?
A: Microfilled composites
B: Flowable composites
C: Nanohybrid composites
D: Bulk-fill composites
Answer: D: Bulk-fill composites
181. Indirect Restorations and Marginal Integrity
Which type of indirect restoration typically offers the best marginal integrity?
A: Porcelain veneers
B: Gold inlays
C: Composite inlays
D: Ceramic crowns
Answer: B: Gold inlays
182. Restoration Type for Maximum Tooth Preservation
For maximum preservation of tooth structure, which type of restoration is generally preferred?
A: Full veneer crowns
B: Onlays
C: Traditional amalgam fillings
D: Composite veneers
Answer: B: Onlays
183. Longevity of Posterior Composite Restorations
Which factor most significantly affects the longevity of posterior composite restorations?
A: The brand of composite used
B: The patient's age
C: The cavity size and location
D: The color of the composite
Answer: C: The cavity size and location
184. Preferred Restoration for Esthetics in Anterior Teeth
Which type of restoration is generally preferred for optimal esthetics in anterior teeth?
A: Porcelain veneers
B: Direct composite bonding
C: Full gold crowns
D: Amalgam fillings
Answer: A: Porcelain veneers
185. Restorations in Areas of High Occlusal Stress
Which restoration type is most suitable for areas of high occlusal stress?
A: Direct composite restorations
B: Glass ionomer restorations
C: Gold onlays
D: Porcelain inlays
Answer: C: Gold onlays
186. Minimally Invasive Restoration Option
What is considered the most minimally invasive indirect restoration option?
A: Full coverage crowns
B: Inlays
C: Traditional veneers
D: Onlays
Answer: B: Inlays
187. Restoration Choice for Extensive Carious Lesions
Which type of restoration is most appropriate for treating extensive carious lesions?
A: Direct composite fillings
B: Dental sealants
C: Porcelain crowns
D: Gold foils
Answer: C: Porcelain crowns
188. Managing Discolored Anterior Teeth
For managing significantly discolored anterior teeth, which restoration offers the best esthetic results?
A: Direct bonding with composite resin
B: Porcelain veneers
C: Full gold crowns
D: Glass ionomer cement restorations
Answer: B: Porcelain veneers
189. Restorations for Root Caries Lesions
What type of restoration is typically recommended for root caries lesions?
A: Gold inlays
B: Amalgam fillings
C: Glass ionomer restorations
D: Composite inlays
Answer: C: Glass ionomer restorations
190. Choice of Restoration for Endodontically Treated Teeth
Which type of restoration is commonly recommended for endodontically treated teeth, particularly for posterior teeth?
A: Direct composite fillings
B: Dental sealants
C: Onlays or full crowns
D: Porcelain veneers
Answer: C: Onlays or full crowns
191. Restorations for Pediatric Patients
What type of restoration is often preferred for primary teeth in pediatric patients due to its ease of placement and fluoride release?
A: Composite resins
B: Glass ionomer cements
C: Stainless steel crowns
D: Porcelain veneers
Answer: B: Glass ionomer cements
192. Restoration Choice for Minimal Tooth Structure Removal
Which restoration type requires the least amount of tooth structure removal for placement?
A: Full porcelain crowns
B: Gold crowns
C: Porcelain inlays
D: Direct composite restorations
Answer: D: Direct composite restorations
193. Advantages of Cast Gold Restorations
Cast gold restorations are known for their durability. In which situation are they particularly advantageous?
A: When esthetics is the primary concern
B: In areas of low occlusal stress
C: For large restorations in posterior teeth
D: For front teeth requiring minimal restoration
Answer: C: For large restorations in posterior teeth
194. Use of Inlays Over Direct Fillings
When are inlays a more suitable option compared to direct fillings?
A: For small occlusal caries
B: When superior esthetics and contour control are required
C: In cases of minor tooth decay
D: When a temporary restoration is needed
Answer: B: When superior esthetics and contour control are required
195. Restorations for Fractured Anterior Teeth
For a fractured anterior tooth requiring significant shape restoration, which option is typically most suitable?
A: Direct bonding with composite resin
B: Amalgam restoration
C: Full gold crown
D: Porcelain veneer
Answer: A: Direct bonding with composite resin
196. Selecting Posterior Full-Coverage Crowns
When selecting a material for full-coverage crowns in posterior teeth, what is a primary consideration?
A: Maximum esthetics
B: Lowest cost
C: Strength and resistance to occlusal forces
D: Least amount of tooth reduction
Answer: C: Strength and resistance to occlusal forces
197. Choosing Restorations for Abrasion Lesions
Which type of restoration is typically most appropriate for treating abrasion lesions at the cervical areas of teeth?
A: Porcelain inlays
B: Glass ionomer restorations
C: Gold crowns
D: Composite resin veneers
Answer: B: Glass ionomer restorations
198. Restorations in Cosmetic Dentistry
In cosmetic dentistry, which type of restoration is generally the best choice for changing the color and shape of front teeth?
A: Porcelain veneers
B: Direct composite bonding
C: Stainless steel crowns
D: Gold onlays
Answer: A: Porcelain veneers
199. Managing Extensive Decay in Molars
For a molar with extensive decay but sufficient remaining tooth structure, which restoration option is usually preferred?
A: Direct composite filling
B: Amalgam filling
C: Onlay
D: Full crown
Answer: C: Onlay
200. Restoration Options for Diastema Closure
What is the most suitable restoration option for closing a diastema between anterior teeth?
A: Amalgam fillings
B: Gold crowns
C: Direct composite bonding or veneers
D: Stainless steel crowns
Answer: C: Direct composite bonding or veneers
201. Indications for Maryland Bridge
What is a primary indication for choosing a Maryland bridge?
A: When maximum retention is required
B: For anterior teeth where minimal tooth preparation is desired
C: For posterior teeth with heavy occlusal forces
D: When a long-span bridge is needed
Answer: B: For anterior teeth where minimal tooth preparation is desired
202. Advantages of Cantilever Bridges
In what scenario is a cantilever bridge most advantageous?
A: When abutment teeth are on both sides of the edentulous space
B: In areas of high esthetic concern
C: When there is only one abutment tooth next to the edentulous space
D: For replacing multiple missing teeth in a row
Answer: C: When there is only one abutment tooth next to the edentulous space
203. Selection of Fixed-Fixed Bridges
What is a primary consideration for selecting a fixed-fixed bridge?
A: Minimal tooth structure loss
B: High esthetic demand
C: Long-span edentulous areas
D: Optimal distribution of occlusal forces
Answer: D: Optimal distribution of occlusal forces
204. Contraindications for Traditional Fixed Bridges
When is a traditional fixed bridge generally contraindicated?
A: When abutment teeth are healthy and intact
B: In patients with good oral hygiene
C: In cases of significant bone loss or periodontal disease
D: For front teeth only
Answer: C: In cases of significant bone loss or periodontal disease
205. Resin-Bonded Bridges and Periodontal Health
How do resin-bonded bridges typically affect periodontal health?
A: They have a high impact on periodontal health
B: They are prone to causing periodontal disease
C: They have minimal impact due to conservative preparation
D: They improve periodontal health
Answer: C: They have minimal impact due to conservative preparation
206. Choice of Bridge for Posterior Teeth
What type of bridge is typically preferred for posterior teeth requiring high strength?
A: Maryland bridge
B: Cantilever bridge
C: Fixed-fixed bridge
D: Resin-bonded bridge
Answer: C: Fixed-fixed bridge
207. Managing Tooth Loss with Minimal Preparation
Which bridge type is suitable for managing tooth loss with minimal tooth preparation?
A: Traditional fixed bridge
B: Resin-bonded bridge
C: Cantilever bridge
D: Implant-supported bridge
Answer: B: Resin-bonded bridge
208. Esthetic Considerations in Bridge Selection
For an anterior tooth replacement with high esthetic demands, which bridge type is often preferred?
A: Fixed-fixed bridge
B: Maryland bridge
C: Resin-bonded bridge
D: Cantilever bridge
Answer: B: Maryland bridge
209. Fixed-Removable Bridges
In what situation might a fixed-removable bridge be considered?
A: When high esthetics is a priority
B: For ease of hygiene in complex prosthetic cases
C: For short-span edentulous areas
D: When maximum strength is required
Answer: B: For ease of hygiene in complex prosthetic cases
210. Longevity of Cantilever Bridges
What is a key factor affecting the longevity of cantilever bridges?
A: The color of the bridge
B: The material of the bridge
C: The occlusion and forces applied to the pontic
D: The patient's age
Answer: C: The occlusion and forces applied to the pontic
211. Amalgam Composition and Elements
Which element in dental amalgam is primarily responsible for its strength and corrosion resistance?
A: Silver
B: Tin
C: Copper
D: Mercury
Answer: C: Copper
212. Controlling Setting Expansion in Amalgam
How is the setting expansion of dental amalgam controlled during its preparation?
A: By altering the mercury-to-alloy ratio
B: By heating the amalgam
C: Through the addition of silver
D: By cooling the mix during trituration
Answer: A: By altering the mercury-to-alloy ratio
213. Amalgam and Galvanic Reactions
Galvanic reactions in the mouth involving dental amalgam are most likely to occur when amalgam is in contact with:
A: Another amalgam restoration
B: A gold restoration
C: Composite resin
D: Glass ionomer cement
Answer: B: A gold restoration
214. Trituration of Amalgam
The process of triturating amalgam affects its:
A: Color and esthetics
B: Radiopacity
C: Workability and setting time
D: Fluoride release
Answer: C: Workability and setting time
215. Amalgam Restoration Longevity
What factor most significantly affects the longevity of an amalgam restoration?
A: The brand of amalgam
B: The size and location of the cavity
C: The patient's diet
D: The age of the patient
Answer: B: The size and location of the cavity
216. Reducing Mercury Exposure during Amalgam Placement
To reduce mercury exposure during amalgam placement, it is essential to:
A: Use high-speed suction
B: Use a rubber dam
C: Triturate for a longer time
D: Heat the amalgam
Answer: A: Use high-speed suction
217. Amalgam and Microleakage
Dental amalgam restorations are more likely to experience microleakage due to:
A: Their inherent adhesive properties
B: The expansion upon setting
C: Initial contraction before expansion
D: The lack of bonding to tooth structure
Answer: D: The lack of bonding to tooth structure
218. Amalgam Restoration Polishing
When should an amalgam restoration typically be polished?
A: Immediately after placement
B: After initial set but before complete hardening
C: 24 hours or more after placement
D: Only if the patient requests it
Answer: C: 24 hours or more after placement
219. Handling Non-Gamma-2 Amalgams
Non-gamma-2 amalgams, which contain higher copper content, are noted for their:
A: Reduced strength compared to traditional amalgam
B: Increased susceptibility to corrosion
C: Improved resistance to marginal breakdown
D: Faster setting time
Answer: C: Improved resistance to marginal breakdown
220. Post-Operative Sensitivity with Amalgam
Post-operative sensitivity in teeth restored with amalgam is often due to:
A: The expansion of amalgam upon setting
B: The high thermal conductivity of amalgam
C: Allergic reactions to the metal components
D: Inadequate trituration of the amalgam mix
Answer: B: The high thermal conductivity of amalgam
211. Amalgam Phase with Highest Strength
Which phase in the set amalgam contributes most significantly to its strength?
A: Gamma phase (Ag₃Sn)
B: Gamma-1 phase (Ag₂Hg₃)
C: Gamma-2 phase (Sn₈Hg)
D: Eta phase (Cu₆Sn₅)
Answer: B: Gamma-1 phase (Ag₂Hg₃)
212. Corrosion Resistance in Amalgam
The improved corrosion resistance in high-copper amalgams is primarily due to the elimination of which phase?
A: Gamma phase
B: Gamma-1 phase
C: Gamma-2 phase
D: Eta phase
Answer: C: Gamma-2 phase
213. Chemical Reaction during Amalgamation
What type of chemical reaction primarily occurs during the mixing of dental amalgam alloy with mercury?
A: Oxidation-reduction reaction
B: Polymerization reaction
C: Acid-base reaction
D: Amalgamation reaction
Answer: D: Amalgamation reaction
214. Effect of Zinc in Dental Amalgam
What is the role of zinc in dental amalgam formulations?
A: It increases the setting expansion
B: It decreases the strength of the amalgam
C: It acts as a scavenger for oxygen and impurities
D: It enhances the esthetic appearance
Answer: C: It acts as a scavenger for oxygen and impurities
215. Minimizing Gamma-2 Phase Formation
In modern dental amalgam, the formulation aims to minimize the formation of which phase for better clinical performance?
A: Gamma phase
B: Gamma-1 phase
C: Gamma-2 phase
D: Eta phase
Answer: C: Gamma-2 phase
216. Creep in Dental Amalgam
Creep in dental amalgam is a result of what kind of changes at the microscopic level?
A: Changes in the gamma phase
B: Movement of mercury through the gamma-1 phase
C: Disintegration of the eta phase
D: Recrystallization in the gamma-2 phase
Answer: B: Movement of mercury through the gamma-1 phase
217. Influence of Tin in Amalgam
Tin in dental amalgam alloy primarily affects the amalgam by:
A: Increasing its strength
B: Reducing expansion
C: Enhancing its polishability
D: Increasing its workability and reducing strength
Answer: D: Increasing its workability and reducing strength
218. Role of Silver in Amalgam Alloy
The presence of silver in dental amalgam alloy is crucial for:
A: Improving its esthetic appearance
B: Increasing the strength and reducing the corrosion
C: Making it more economical
D: Decreasing the setting time
Answer: B: Increasing the strength and reducing the corrosion
219. Mercury Ratio in Dental Amalgam
The ratio of mercury to alloy powder in dental amalgam affects the:
A: Color of the final restoration
B: Setting time and final strength of the amalgam
C: Taste of the amalgam
D: Fluoride release
Answer: B: Setting time and final strength of the amalgam
220. Impact of Excess Mercury in Amalgam
Excess mercury in the amalgam mix is likely to result in:
A: Increased radiopacity
B: Decreased corrosion
C: Higher strength and hardness
D: Weaker amalgam with potential for marginal breakdown
Answer: D: Weaker amalgam with potential for marginal breakdown
221. Primary Component in Amalgam Alloy
Which metal is the primary component in the powder of dental amalgam alloy?
A: Tin
B: Copper
C: Silver
D: Zinc
Answer: C: Silver
222. Amalgam Setting Reaction - Phase Formation
During the setting reaction of dental amalgam, which phase forms first?
A: Gamma-2 phase (Sn₈Hg)
B: Gamma-1 phase (Ag₂Hg₃)
C: Eta phase (Cu₆Sn₅)
D: Gamma phase (Ag₃Sn)
Answer: B: Gamma-1 phase (Ag₂Hg₃)
223. Effect of Silver Content on Amalgam
Increasing the silver content in dental amalgam alloy primarily affects the amalgam’s:
A: Esthetic appearance
B: Creep value
C: Expansion characteristics
D: Strength and corrosion resistance
Answer: D: Strength and corrosion resistance
224. Role of Copper in High-Copper Amalgams
In high-copper amalgams, the increased copper content is primarily to:
A: Enhance the aesthetic appearance
B: Reduce the risk of allergic reactions
C: Eliminate or reduce the gamma-2 phase
D: Increase the setting time
Answer: C: Eliminate or reduce the gamma-2 phase
225. Tin’s Influence on Amalgam Corrosion
Tin's presence in dental amalgam primarily influences the amalgam's:
A: Color
B: Corrosion resistance
C: Radiopacity
D: Expansion upon setting
Answer: B: Corrosion resistance
226. Mercury’s Role in Dental Amalgam
Mercury is used in dental amalgam because it:
A: Decreases the setting time
B: Improves radiopacity
C: Is essential for the amalgamation reaction
D: Enhances the color of the restoration
Answer: C: Is essential for the amalgamation reaction
227. Zinc’s Effect on Amalgam Expansion
The presence of zinc in dental amalgam alloys can lead to excessive expansion in the presence of:
A: Oxygen
B: Saliva
C: Moisture
D: Blood
Answer: C: Moisture
228. Amalgam Alloy Particle Shapes
The particle shape of amalgam alloy affects its:
A: Color and translucency
B: Handling characteristics and resistance to condensation
C: Taste
D: Smell
Answer: B: Handling characteristics and resistance to condensation
229. Amalgam Reaction - Gamma Phase Stability
In the amalgamation reaction, the stability of the gamma phase (Ag₃Sn) is crucial for:
A: Minimizing shrinkage
B: The initial setting reaction
C: Long-term corrosion resistance
D: Esthetics of the final restoration
Answer: C: Long-term corrosion resistance
230. Optimal Mercury-Alloy Ratio in Amalgam
The optimal ratio of mercury to alloy in dental amalgam affects the:
A: Flavor of the amalgam
B: Color after polishing
C: Final strength and handling properties
D: Speed of the light-curing process
Answer: C: Final strength and handling properties
231. Beveling in Class II Composite Preparations
The purpose of beveling the enamel margins in Class II composite preparations is to:
A: Reduce microleakage by increasing the surface area for bonding
B: Facilitate easier placement of the matrix band
C: Decrease the strength of the restoration
D: Simplify the finishing and polishing process
Answer: A: Reduce microleakage by increasing the surface area for bonding
232. Cavity Preparation Design for Amalgam Restorations
In amalgam restorations, the design of the cavity preparation aims to:
A: Remove the minimal amount of tooth structure
B: Create undercuts for mechanical retention
C: Provide maximum esthetics
D: Ensure a moisture-free environment
Answer: B: Create undercuts for mechanical retention
233. Retention Form in Inlay Preparations
The retention form in inlay preparations is critical for preventing:
A: Discoloration of the restoration
B: Restoration displacement under occlusal forces
C: Thermal sensitivity post-placement
D: Excessive wear of the opposing teeth
Answer: B: Restoration displacement under occlusal forces
234. Resistance Form in Cavity Preparation
The resistance form in a cavity preparation is designed to:
A: Enhance the aesthetic appeal of the restoration
B: Facilitate the removal of carious dentin
C: Enable adequate visibility and access
D: Withstand masticatory forces and prevent fracture
Answer: D: Withstand masticatory forces and prevent fracture
235. Preparation Design for Porcelain Veneers
When preparing a tooth for a porcelain veneer, it is important to:
A: Remove a uniform thickness of enamel around the entire tooth
B: Prepare the tooth as minimally as possible while allowing for proper veneer thickness
C: Create mechanical retention features in the enamel
D: Ensure the preparation extends into the dentin significantly
Answer: B: Prepare the tooth as minimally as possible while allowing for proper veneer thickness
236. Features of a Crown Preparation for Endodontically Treated Teeth
In crown preparations for endodontically treated teeth, it's important to:
A: Remove as much tooth structure as possible for material strength
B: Provide a ferrule effect to enhance the restoration’s resistance to fracture
C: Avoid the use of a post whenever possible
D: Focus solely on the esthetic outcome
Answer: B: Provide a ferrule effect to enhance the restoration’s resistance to fracture
237. Axial Wall Design in Class II Amalgam Restorations
The design of the axial wall in Class II amalgam restorations is crucial to:
A: Enhance the aesthetic appearance of the restoration
B: Maintain the occlusal surface anatomy
C: Avoid unnecessary removal of sound tooth structure
D: Ensure the removal of all carious dentin
Answer: C: Avoid unnecessary removal of sound tooth structure
238. Gingival Floor Design in Class II Preparations
The gingival floor in Class II preparations should be:
A: Parallel to the occlusal surface
B: As thin as possible to conserve tooth structure
C: Located above the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) whenever possible
D: Beveled to improve esthetics
Answer: C: Located above the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) whenever possible
239. Isthmus Width in Class I Amalgam Restorations
In Class I amalgam restorations, the isthmus width should:
A: Be minimized to conserve tooth structure while removing all caries
B: Be as wide as possible for easier access
C: Extend into the cusp tips for aesthetic purposes
D: Be the same regardless of the size of the carious lesion
Answer: A: Be minimized to conserve tooth structure while removing all caries
240. Preparation Depth for Composite Restorations
The ideal preparation depth for a composite restoration is determined primarily by:
A: The depth of the carious lesion
B: The desired shade of the composite
C: The type of composite material used
D: The patient’s preference
Answer: A: The depth of the carious lesion
241. Design for Class V Restorations
In Class V restorations, what is the recommended outline form for the cavity preparation?
A: An oval shape to encompass the lesion and follow the gingival contour
B: A rectangular shape for easier placement of restorative material
C: A circular shape to minimize tooth structure removal
D: A triangular shape with the base towards the gingiva
Answer: A: An oval shape to encompass the lesion and follow the gingival contour
242. Incisal Angle Involvement in Class IV Preparations
In Class IV composite restorations, how is the incisal angle typically prepared to enhance fracture resistance?
A: It is not involved in the preparation
B: A bevel is placed on the incisal edge
C: A sharp internal line angle is created
D: The incisal edge is reduced to a flat plane
Answer: B: A bevel is placed on the incisal edge
243. Preparation Depth for Occlusal Amalgam Restorations
The ideal depth of an occlusal amalgam restoration should:
A: Be shallow to conserve tooth structure
B: Extend just into the dentin to provide adequate strength
C: Be as deep as possible for retention
D: Vary based on the patient's age
Answer: B: Extend just into the dentin to provide adequate strength
244. Axial Depth in Class II Composite Preparations
In Class II composite preparations, the axial depth should:
A: Break the contact minimally to conserve tooth structure
B: Always extend 1 mm beyond the contact point
C: Be deep to ensure complete caries removal
D: Vary based on the color of the adjacent teeth
Answer: A: Break the contact minimally to conserve tooth structure
245. Retention Features in Crown Preparations
When preparing a tooth for a full-coverage crown, retention features:
A: Are unnecessary due to modern cement technologies
B: Include tapering the walls and adding grooves or boxes
C: Are solely based on the height of the tooth
D: Depend on the color of the crown material
Answer: B: Include tapering the walls and adding grooves or boxes
246. Cervical Margin Design in Crown Preparations
The design of the cervical margin in crown preparations should:
A: Always be at or above the gingival margin
B: Be placed subgingivally for esthetic reasons
C: Follow the contour of the gingiva for periodontal health
D: Be uniform in depth around the entire tooth
Answer: C: Follow the contour of the gingiva for periodontal health
247. Preparation Considerations for Onlays
In onlay preparations, it is crucial to:
A: Cover all cusps for strength
B: Remove minimal tooth structure while providing cuspal coverage where needed
C: Always involve the entire occlusal surface
D: Focus on esthetic blending with surrounding teeth
Answer: B: Remove minimal tooth structure while providing cuspal coverage where needed
248. Cavity Design for Inlay Restorations
The cavity design for inlays differs from direct fillings by:
A: Requiring more extensive tooth reduction
B: Having precise internal line angles and divergent walls
C: Being less conservative of tooth structure
D: Necessitating a specific color match with the restorative material
Answer: B: Having precise internal line angles and divergent walls
249. Floor Depth in Class I Composite Restorations
The ideal floor depth in Class I composite restorations should be:
A: Just within the enamel to preserve tooth structure
B: Into the dentin to ensure proper bond strength
C: As deep as the caries extends, even if it reaches the pulp
D: Determined by the size of the caries on the occlusal surface
Answer: B: Into the dentin to ensure proper bond strength
250. Beveling in Class III Composite Preparations
Beveling the enamel margins in Class III composite preparations is primarily done to:
A: Increase the retention of the restoration
B: Improve the esthetics by enhancing the blend with the natural tooth
C: Make the placement of the composite easier
D: Reduce postoperative sensitivity
Answer: B: Improve the esthetics by enhancing the blend with the natural tooth
251. Primary Purpose of Cavity Liners
What is the main function of cavity liners?
A: To enhance the esthetics of the final restoration
B: To provide mechanical support for the restoration
C: To protect the dental pulp from chemical irritation
D: To improve the adhesion of restorative materials to dentin
Answer: C: To protect the dental pulp from chemical irritation
252. Material Composition of Cavity Liners
Cavity liners are commonly composed of which material?
A: Glass ionomer
B: Composite resin
C: Zinc oxide eugenol
D: Calcium hydroxide
Answer: D: Calcium hydroxide
253. Cavity Liners in Deep Preparations
In which type of cavity preparations are liners most crucial?
A: Shallow preparations with no risk of pulp exposure
B: Deep preparations close to the pulp
C: Preparations on the occlusal surface
D: Any preparation involving enamel only
Answer: B: Deep preparations close to the pulp
254. Effect of Liners on Pulpal Health
How do cavity liners affect pulpal health?
A: They have no effect on pulpal health
B: They stimulate secondary dentin formation
C: They can cause pulpal necrosis if used improperly
D: They decrease the blood supply to the pulp
Answer: B: They stimulate secondary dentin formation
255. Cavity Liners and Thermal Insulation
Which type of cavity liner provides the best thermal insulation?
A: Calcium hydroxide liners
B: Zinc oxide eugenol liners
C: Glass ionomer liners
D: Resin-modified glass ionomer liners
Answer: C: Glass ionomer liners
256. Contraindications for Zinc Oxide Eugenol Liners
Zinc oxide eugenol liners should not be used under which type of restorative material?
A: Gold restorations
B: Amalgam restorations
C: Composite resin restorations
D: Stainless steel crowns
Answer: C: Composite resin restorations
257. Thickness of Liner Application
The ideal thickness for the application of a cavity liner is:
A: As thick as possible for maximum protection
B: 0.5 to 1 mm to provide sufficient protection without affecting the restoration placement
C: 2 to 3 mm for enhanced thermal insulation
D: Thin enough to see the underlying tooth structure
Answer: B: 0.5 to 1 mm to provide sufficient protection without affecting the restoration placement
258. Cavity Liners and Bond Strength
The use of cavity liners under composite restorations:
A: Significantly increases the bond strength
B: Has no effect on the bond strength
C: Can interfere with the bonding agent and reduce bond strength
D: Is essential for the success of all composite restorations
Answer: C: Can interfere with the bonding agent and reduce bond strength
259. Liners in Indirect Pulp Capping
Which material is most commonly used for indirect pulp capping?
A: Glass ionomer
B: Calcium hydroxide
C: Resin-modified glass ionomer
D: Zinc oxide eugenol
Answer: B: Calcium hydroxide
260. Compatibility of Liners with Amalgam Restorations
When using cavity liners under amalgam restorations, it is important to consider:
A: The liner's ability to improve the esthetics of amalgam
B: The chemical compatibility of the liner with amalgam
C: The liner’s color and translucency
D: The liner's ability to decrease the setting time of amalgam
Answer: B: The chemical compatibility of the liner with amalgam
261. Biocompatibility of Dental Materials
Which property is crucial when assessing biomaterials for intraoral use?
A: Radio-opacity
B: Color matching ability
C: Biocompatibility
D: Viscosity
Answer: C: Biocompatibility
262. Ceramic Materials in Dentistry
What is the primary advantage of using ceramic materials for inlays and onlays?
A: Their low cost
B: Superior esthetics and biocompatibility
C: High thermal conductivity
D: Ease of manipulation
Answer: B: Superior esthetics and biocompatibility
263. Advancements in Composite Resins
Recent advancements in composite resin technology primarily aim to improve which aspect?
A: Radiopacity
B: Polymerization shrinkage and wear resistance
C: Color range
D: Flavor of the material
Answer: B: Polymerization shrinkage and wear resistance
264. Gold Alloys in Restorative Dentistry
Gold alloys are often used in restorative dentistry due to their:
A: Low cost
B: Superior strength and corrosion resistance
C: High esthetic appeal
D: Fast setting time
Answer: B: Superior strength and corrosion resistance
265. Dental Amalgam and Mercury Content
Modern dental amalgam formulations have been modified to:
A: Increase the mercury content for improved workability
B: Completely eliminate mercury for safety reasons
C: Reduce the mercury content and improve physical properties
D: Change the color for better esthetics
Answer: C: Reduce the mercury content and improve physical properties
266. Titanium in Dental Implants
Titanium is widely used in dental implants primarily due to its:
A: Low cost
B: Excellent biocompatibility and osseointegration properties
C: High esthetic value
D: Ability to whiten over time
Answer: B: Excellent biocompatibility and osseointegration properties
267. Glass Ionomer as Restorative Material
Glass ionomer is often used as a restorative material due to its:
A: High strength and wear resistance
B: Ability to release fluoride and bond to tooth structure
C: Translucency and esthetic properties
D: Quick and easy application
Answer: B: Ability to release fluoride and bond to tooth structure
268. Zirconia in Dental Restorations
The use of zirconia in dental restorations is primarily attributed to its:
A: Low cost and ease of fabrication
B: Excellent esthetics and radio-opacity
C: High strength and fracture toughness
D: Flexibility and adaptability
Answer: C: High strength and fracture toughness
269. Polymerization in Resin-Based Composites
The polymerization process in resin-based composites is critical for:
A: Achieving the desired color
B: Reducing the cost of the material
C: Ensuring adequate hardness and longevity
D: Increasing translucency
Answer: C: Ensuring adequate hardness and longevity
270. Nickel-Chromium Alloys in Prosthodontics
Nickel-chromium alloys are used in prosthodontics for their:
A: Low melting point
B: High esthetic appeal
C: Resistance to corrosion and high melting point
D: Ability to bond with dental adhesives
Answer: C: Resistance to corrosion and high melting point
271. Function of Excavators in Cavity Preparation
What is the primary use of excavators in cavity preparation?
A: To polish the cavity walls
B: To remove carious tooth material
C: To shape the cavity preparation
D: To measure the depth of the cavity
Answer: B: To remove carious tooth material
272. Design Purpose of Chisel Instruments
Chisel instruments are primarily designed for:
A: Removing the tooth structure in bulk
B: Planing the walls of the cavity preparation
C: Cutting enamel margins
D: Carrying and placing restorative materials
Answer: B: Planing the walls of the cavity preparation
273. Use of Hatchets in Operative Dentistry
Hatchets in operative dentistry are used for:
A: Refining cavity walls and creating retention grooves
B: Removing decayed tooth structure
C: Trimming excess restorative material
D: Smoothing the floor of the cavity
Answer: A: Refining cavity walls and creating retention grooves
274. Function of Gingival Margin Trimmers
Gingival margin trimmers are specifically designed to:
A: Remove overhanging gingival tissue
B: Bevel the gingival margin of cavity preparations
C: Trim the gingival edge of metal crowns
D: Cut sutures during periodontal surgery
Answer: B: Bevel the gingival margin of cavity preparations
275. Use of Spoon Excavators
Spoon excavators are primarily used for:
A: Removing soft carious dentin
B: Condensing amalgam
C: Cutting enamel
D: Carving composite restorations
Answer: A: Removing soft carious dentin
276. Role of Scalers in Restorative Procedures
In restorative procedures, scalers are typically used for:
A: Removing calculus and plaque
B: Carving amalgam restorations
C: Planing the cavity preparation
D: Refining the occlusal anatomy
Answer: A: Removing calculus and plaque
277. Difference Between Enamel Hatchet and Chisel
The primary difference between an enamel hatchet and a chisel is in their:
A: Blade orientation relative to the handle
B: Use in composite versus amalgam restorations
C: Size of the blade
D: Material of construction
Answer: A: Blade orientation relative to the handle
278. Function of Burnishers in Amalgam Restorations
Burnishers in amalgam restorations are used to:
A: Condense the amalgam into the cavity
B: Cut excess amalgam from the margins
C: Carve the anatomy into the amalgam
D: Smooth the surface of the amalgam
Answer: D: Smooth the surface of the amalgam
279. Cleoid-Discoid Instruments Usage
The cleoid-discoid instrument is commonly used for:
A: Removing excess restorative material
B: Condensing composite material
C: Carving occlusal anatomy in restorative material
D: Smoothing the floor of cavity preparations
Answer: C: Carving occlusal anatomy in restorative material
280. Role of Carvers in Restorative Dentistry
Carvers in restorative dentistry are specifically designed for:
A: Removing decayed tooth structure
B: Refining the cavity margins
C: Shaping and contouring restorative materials
D: Applying etching agents
Answer: C: Shaping and contouring restorative materials
281. Types of Burs for Enamel Cutting
Which type of bur is most commonly used for efficient cutting of enamel?
A: Diamond burs
B: Carbide burs
C: Steel burs
D: Ceramic burs
Answer: B: Carbide burs
282. Selection of Bur for Composite Removal
Which bur is typically preferred for the removal of composite restorations?
A: Fine diamond bur
B: Coarse diamond bur
C: Steel round bur
D: Carbide finishing bur
Answer: B: Coarse diamond bur
283. Advantages of Diamond Burs
What is the primary advantage of using diamond burs in tooth preparation?
A: They are less expensive than other types of burs
B: They provide smoother cutting action
C: They offer greater precision and efficiency
D: They are reusable and can be sterilized multiple times
Answer: C: They offer greater precision and efficiency
284. Use of Round Burs in Operative Dentistry
Round burs are primarily used for:
A: Removing bulk tooth structure
B: Creating retention in cavity preparation
C: Finishing and polishing restorations
D: Refining cavity margins
Answer: A: Removing bulk tooth structure
285. Cross-Cut Tapered Fissure Burs
Cross-cut tapered fissure burs are specifically designed for:
A: Removing carious dentin
B: Creating retention features in cavity preparations
C: Finishing the margins of restorations
D: Creating precise cavity outlines
Answer: D: Creating precise cavity outlines
286. Finishing Burs for Composite Restorations
Which type of bur is most suitable for finishing composite restorations?
A: Coarse diamond bur
B: Round carbide bur
C: White stone bur
D: Fine carbide finishing bur
Answer: D: Fine carbide finishing bur
287. Selection of Burs for Smoothing Enamel Margins
For smoothing enamel margins during cavity preparation, the ideal choice is a:
A: Large round bur
B: Fine diamond bur
C: Straight fissure bur
D: Flame-shaped finishing bur
Answer: B: Fine diamond bur
288. Burs for Adjusting Occlusal Surfaces
When adjusting occlusal surfaces, which bur type is most commonly used?
A: Carbide finishing bur
B: Diamond pointed cone bur
C: Small round bur
D: Inverted cone bur
Answer: A: Carbide finishing bur
289. Burs for Endodontic Access
For endodontic access preparation, which bur is typically the most effective?
A: End-cutting fissure bur
B: Tapered diamond bur
C: Round carbide bur
D: Pear-shaped diamond bur
Answer: C: Round carbide bur
290. Lifespan of Diamond Burs
The lifespan of a diamond bur is generally affected by:
A: The color of the bur
B: The hardness of the tooth structure being cut
C: The speed of the dental handpiece
D: The brand of the bur
Answer: B: The hardness of the tooth structure being cut
291. Managing Subgingival Caries with Burs
For removing subgingival caries during cavity preparation, what is the most appropriate type of bur to use?
A: Coarse diamond bur to efficiently remove decay
B: Round carbide bur to minimize gingival trauma
C: Surgical-length tapered fissure bur for access
D: Small fine diamond bur for precision
Answer: C: Surgical-length tapered fissure bur for access
292. Bur Speed and Tooth Temperature
How does the speed of a dental bur affect the temperature increase in tooth during preparation?
A: Higher speeds always result in higher temperature increases
B: Lower speeds generate more friction and heat
C: The speed of the bur is less important than the amount of applied pressure
D: Adequate water cooling is more critical in controlling temperature than the speed of the bur
Answer: D: Adequate water cooling is more critical in controlling temperature than the speed of the bur
293. Bur Choice for Conservative Caries Removal
When aiming for conservative caries removal, which type of bur is typically most appropriate?
A: Large round bur for bulk removal
B: Small round bur for precise caries excavation
C: Straight fissure bur for efficient cutting
D: Coarse diamond bur for rapid removal
Answer: B: Small round bur for precise caries excavation
294. Advantages of Multilayered Diamond Burs
Multilayered diamond burs are known for their:
A: Lower cost compared to single-layered burs
B: Ability to cut more aggressively
C: Longer lifespan due to multiple diamond layers
D: Enhanced esthetic finishing capabilities
Answer: C: Longer lifespan due to multiple diamond layers
295. Selecting Burs for Porcelain Veneer Adjustments
When adjusting a porcelain veneer intraorally, the best choice of bur is:
A: A coarse diamond bur for quick adjustment
B: A fine diamond bur for smooth and controlled adjustments
C: A carbide bur for precision shaping
D: A silicon carbide stone for minimal abrasion
Answer: B: A fine diamond bur for smooth and controlled adjustments
296. Bur Materials for Reduced Vibration
Which type of dental bur material tends to produce less vibration during use?
A: Tungsten carbide due to its rigidity
B: Stainless steel for its flexibility
C: Diamond-coated burs for their sharpness
D: Ceramic burs for their hardness and smoothness
Answer: A: Tungsten carbide due to its rigidity
297. Using Burs for Indirect Pulp Capping
The most suitable bur for preparing a cavity for indirect pulp capping is:
A: A large round bur to quickly remove decayed tissue
B: A small round bur for controlled removal near the pulp
C: A fissure bur for efficient cutting
D: A diamond bur for a smoother cavity surface
Answer: B: A small round bur for controlled removal near the pulp
298. Bur Types for Minimally Invasive Dentistry
In minimally invasive dentistry, which bur type is most conducive for preserving healthy tooth structure?
A: Large coarse diamond burs for rapid removal
B: Small fine diamond burs for precision
C: Tungsten carbide burs for their efficiency
D: Specially designed sonic or air abrasion units
Answer: D: Specially designed sonic or air abrasion units
299. Factors Affecting Bur Wear
The wear of a dental bur is most significantly affected by:
A: The type of restorative material being removed
B: The frequency of sterilization cycles
C: The manufacturer of the bur
D: The storage conditions of the bur
Answer: A: The type of restorative material being removed
300. Bur Selection for Elderly Patients with Brittle Teeth
When preparing cavities in elderly patients with brittle teeth, which bur should be used?
A: A fast-speed diamond bur for efficiency
B: A slow-speed round bur to reduce the risk of tooth fracture
C: A medium grit diamond bur for controlled cutting
D: A carbide fissure bur for rapid removal
Answer: B: A slow-speed round bur to reduce the risk of tooth fracture
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